Eliminating Kshatrias | Jarasandha & Shishupala | Mahabharata Paintings

The Rajasuya Yagna (ceremony) was not that simple to Yudhishthira. It is an ancient process of make all other kings of Bharathakanda to agree that someone is their equal. Not an easy job for Yudhishthira. He want to coronate himself with the support of rest of his Pandava-s, wealth from Panchala, Hastinapur and Dwaraka. In addition, he need a supreme diplomat – Krishna – to make Yudhishthira’s claim uncontested.

Jarasandha

Obviously the mighty king with powerful army – Jarasandha, the king of Magadha – will not agree. His relationship with Yadava-s was not positive, as he wanted revenge for the death of his friend Kamsa – the maternal uncle of Krishna, who killed his own uncle.

Yadava-s had worst experience with Jarasandha earlier. Being scared of him, they moved from Gokulam to Dwaraka, which is far away from rest of the countries.

Jara merges two parts of Jarasandha. Picture (c) Wikipedia
Jara merges two parts of Jarasandha. Picture (c) Wikipedia

It is impossible to kill Jarasandha. May be, Bhima can fight. Still it will be a fight between two equal wrestlers. Hence Krishna made a conspiracy.

The Brahman-s (priests) had rights to ask Kings for gifts. Kings will not refuse. Jarasandha was not an exception too. Krishna made use of this. Krishna, Arjuna and Bhima disguised themselves as priests. When Jarasandha asked for their plea, Krishna asked him to wrestle with one of them until death.

Bhima fights Jarasandha. Picture (c) Wikipedia
Bhima fights Jarasandha. Picture (c) Wikipedia

The great warrior Jarasandha chose Bhima as other two were not his match. The fight went on for long time. Krishna suggested Bhima to tear Jarasandha into two parts. After a long fight, Bhima did it. Before he tastes his victory, the body parts joined together.

Bhima and Jarasandha Wrestling - Picture (c) Unknown
Bhima and Jarasandha Wrestling – Picture (c) Unknown

Bhima looked at Krishna confusingly. Krishna showed him a gesture by tearing the a stick and place the pieces in inverted directions. The long fight started again even more ferociously. Finally Bhima teared Jarasandha and broke the two body parts in two different directions in inverted manner. The mighty king Jarasandha was killed. His son was coronated as a puppet ruler, supporting Pandava-s.

Bhima Slays Jarasandha. Image (c) prabhupadabooks
Bhima Slays Jarasandha. Image (c) prabhupadabooks
Bhima Slays Jarasandha - Picture (d) Wikipedia
Bhima Slays Jarasandha – Picture (d) Wikipedia

Shishupala

Shishupala and Krishna were cousin. Astrologers predicted that he will be killed by Krishna. Hence Shishupala’s mother requested Krishna not to do so if her son abuses him. Krishna promised her that he will tolerate one hundred times. When it is breached, he said, he will retaliate.

During Yudhishthira’s coronation ceremony, he selected Krishna as the guest of honor. Rest of the kshatriya-s were not happy. Then king of Chedi kingdom, Shishupala, jumped angrily from his seat to object this. He started abusing Krishna one after another a cowherd like Krishna to take supreme seat in the presence of Kshatria-s.

O Madhava! If the Kounteyas are scared and if they have become mean as a consequence of their asceticism, surely you could have enlightened them about what kind of honour you deserve. O Janardana! If in their meanness they offered you a homage that you are not worthy of, why did you accept it? Though undeserving, you set great store on this homage, like a dog that has found an offering of sacrificial ghee and consumes it in private. O Janardana! This is not only an insult to the Indras among kings. The Kurus have also brought out your true nature. O Madhusudana! You are not a king and this royal homage to you is like a wife to the impotent or a beautiful sight to the blind.

Shishupala to Krishna – The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

When he reached the 100th time, Krishna warned him that he is about to cross the limit of Krishna’s promise to Shishupala’s mother. He did not mind. He resumed his abuse 101th time. Krishna took his Sudarshan chakra – the sharp discus – and beheaded him.

Sishupala Insulted Krishna Picture (c) WebHR art-ma
Sishupala Insulted Krishna Picture (c) WebHR art-ma

The count started from here. More and more kings were eliminated both morally and immorally!

Jai Yudhishthira Maharaj!

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy
  • Panniru padaikalam, Jeyamohan

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Indraprastha | Mahabharata Paintings

After Pandava-s married Draupadi, they could not hide any more. They exposed themselves to external world. They stayed in Panchala for sometime. Accompanied by Krishna, they reached Hastinapur.

Khandavaprastha became Indraprastha

They appeared before the blind king Dhritarashtra. He blessed him. The bilateral negotiations about the ownership of the throne was started. Krishna lobbied for Yudhishthira through Vidura. Vidura advised Dhritarashtra to give up this throne and return it to Yudhishthira.

Dhritarashtra refused as per the story. He admitted to Vidura that his sons may not work under Pandava-s. This sounds logical to me as a reader. After negotiations, Dhritarashtra accepted to give some land from Hastinapur dynasty. It is Khandavaprastha.

Khandava means forest. As named correctly, it is a dense forest, an abode of all creatures, situated in the banks of Yamuna. Krishna ordered Pandava-s to burn the forest completely. All creatures were destroyed including the naga-s (serpents). The affected Naga-s sought Indra’s help. Indra accepted to help. He came up with in the form of thunderstorm. Probably, a worst rain might have lashed. Arjuna formed a shelter of arrows, so that rain does not disturb the fire. Finally, the forest is destroyed, so are the animals and rakshasa-s , except the Asura architect Maya. Maya sought refuge. In turn, he constructed a beautiful city – INDRAPRASTHA – for Pandava-s.

Khandavaprastha on fire. Krishna and Arjuna fought with Indra
Khandavaprastha on fire. Krishna and Arjuna fought with Indra

The wealth of Yadava capital Dwaraka (on which I named my blog!!) poured into the construction of Indraprastha. Panchala and Hastinapur might offer their own share as well. Finally there comes a beautiful – may be luxurious – city. It had ports in Yamuna river. It became abode of new dwellers, who came in as Indraprastha picked up. It became a market hub under the rule of Pandava emperor Yudhishthira and empress Draupadi.

Indraprastha
Indraprastha
Indraprastha
Indraprastha
Krishna in Indraprastha. Image (c) art-ma
Krishna in Indraprastha. Image (c) art-ma
Pandava-s with Draupadi, Raja Ravi Varma
Pandava-s with Draupadi, Raja Ravi Varma

Duryodhana’s humiliation

Many kings were invited to Indraprastha for Yudhisthira’s Rajasuya yagna. Kaurava-s were invited too as they were cousins. As per the text, Duryodhana was jealous at the wealth of Pandava-s while gazing at the palace.

The evil eye of fate turned to this beautiful city. Duryodhana did many mistakes there as the building used illusion to deceive someone’s eyes. He fell down into a water by mistake. Servants laughed by themselves and on the instructions of the king. Pandava-s – except Yudhishthira – laughed at him, instead of helping him. The unbearable Duryodhana left that place with humiliation. His mind was full of grudge and wrath. He was jealous at the wealth of Pandava-s and the way they showcased their luxurious life there. Evil thoughts were seeded into the mind of Duryodhana.

Duryodhana fall into water
Duryodhana fall into water

‘O extender of the Kuru lineage! On seeing the happiness of the Parthas, the submission of the kings, the love the worlds had for them, from children onwards, and the supreme splendour of the great-souled Pandavas, Dhritarashtra’s son Duryodhana turned pale. As he travelled, he thought intently about the sabha and the unrivalled prosperity of the intelligent Dharmaraja. Dhritarashtra’s son Duryodhana was so inattentive, that he did not respond when Subala’s son repeatedly spoke to him. On seeing him so distracted, Shakuni responded, “O Duryodhana! Why are you travelling with all these sighs?”

‘குரு வழியில் வந்தவரே! பார்த்தர்களின் மகிழ்ச்சியையும், அரசர்களின் பணிவையும், குழந்தைகள் முதல் அனைத்து மன்னர்களும் அவர்கள் மீது கொண்டிருந்த அன்பையும், பேரான்மா கொண்ட பாண்டவர்களின் உன்னதப் புகழையும் கண்டு, திருதராஷ்டிரனின் மகன் துரியோதனன் வாடிப் போனான். அவன் செல்லும்போது செய்யும் போது, அந்த சபையைப் பற்றியும், அறிவார்ந்த அரசன் தருமனின் நிகரற்ற செழிப்பைப் பற்றியும் ஆழ்ந்து சிந்தித்தான். திருதராஷ்டிரனின் மகன் துரியோதனன் மிகவும் கவனக்குறைவாக இருந்தான், சுபலரின்வின் மகன் அவனிடம் பலமுறை பேசியும் அவன் பதிலளிக்கவில்லை. அவன் மிகவும் கவனம் வேறு பக்கம் இருப்பதைப் பார்த்த சகுனி, “ஓ துரியோதனா! ஏன் இத்தனை பெருமூச்சுகளுடன் நினைவுகளில் நீந்துகிறாய்?”

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya – The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Draupadi as Pandava’s wife | Mahabharata Paintings

Arjuna won Draupadi in Swayamvara. Pandava-s were on the way back to the house, where they took refuge. Meanwhile Kunti was afraid as her sons did not turn back till the evening. When they reached their home, Kunti did not pay attention to them. Arjuna – with much excitement – asked Kunti to look at what he had won. Kunti did not turn back. Unware of anything, she asked him to share it with her brothers. They were shocked. Kunti realized her mistake later. But she is firm in what she told earlier.

Draupadi and Pandava-s
Draupadi and Pandava-s

Then those maharathas, bringers of fame to the Kuru lineage, sons of a king among men, took the hand of that supreme among women, in succession, one day after another.

பிறகு, குரு பரம்பரைக்கு புகழைக் கொண்டு வந்த மஹாரதர்கள், ஆண்களில் ஒரு மன்னனின் மகன்கள், பெண்கள் மத்தியில் அந்த உன்னதமானவரின் கையை, அடுத்தடுத்து, ஒரு நாள் பின் ஒருவராகப் பிடித்தனர்.

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya – The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Draupadi and Pandava-s
Draupadi and Pandava-s

Draupadi’s situation being is being bolstered in many ways. Somebody say, Kunti did not want take back her words as per Dharma. Someone day, it is Draupadi accepted because of her wish to be an empress even if a single Pandava was alive. Someone else justify like Kunti wanted to be this way, to avoid jealous among her sons, which may lead to the family dispute. Whatever it is, it is a a polyandry. This intriguing marriage attracts the writers for several years.

When those immensely radiant ones looked at Draupadi, their love for her arose and put their senses into turmoil. Panchali’s charming form was created by the creator himself. It beguiled all living beings and was supreme to all others. Kunti’s son Yudhishthira knew from their appearance what was going through their minds. O bull among men! He remembered Dvaipayana’s words. Fearing that conflict might arise between the brothers, the king said, “This fortunate Draupadi will be a wife to all of us.


அந்த மிஞ்சிய ஒளி கொண்டவர்கள் திரௌபதியைப் பார்த்தபோது, ​​அவளின் மீது காதல் எழுந்து, அவர்களின் புலன்களைக் கொந்தளிக்க வைத்தது. பாஞ்சாலியின் எழிலான வடிவம் படைப்பாளியால் உருவாக்கப்பட்டது. அது எல்லா உயிர்களையும் வஞ்சித்து மற்ற எல்லாவற்றுக்கும் மேலாக உயர்ந்தது. குந்தியின் மகன் யுதிஷ்டிரன் அவர்களின் தோற்றத்தில் இருந்து அவர்கள் மனதில் என்ன நடக்கிறது என்பதை அறிந்தான். மனிதர்களில் காளையே! துவைபாயனரின் வார்த்தைகள் அவனுக்கு நினைவுக்கு வந்தது. சகோதரர்களுக்கிடையே மோதல் ஏற்படக்கூடும் என்று அஞ்சிய அந்த அரசன், “இந்த அதிர்ஷ்டசாலி திரௌபதி நம் அனைவருக்கும் மனைவியாக இருப்பாள்.” என்றான்.

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya – The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

Pandava-s with Draupadi, Raja Ravi Varma
Pandava-s with Draupadi, Raja Ravi Varma

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Draupadi’s Swayamvara | Mahabharata Paintings

The disguised Pandava-s lived in many places and forests. Bhima found a wife, Hidimbi in forests. Sage Daumya advised them to proceed to Panchala. Swayamvara of Panchala princess Draupadi was scheduled to happen. Invitations had been sent to many kings across the Bharata khanda. Pandava-s disguised themselves as Brahman-s (priests) and entered the Swayamvara hall.

There was a competition. Drupada formed a finely architected machine, which was rotating in the top, in which a golden fish was rotating by itself. Under this machine there was a cauldron filled with oil. The archers were challenged to shoot at the eye of the fish by looking at the oil in the cauldron below. It was complex. It was supposed to be broken by the best archers of the world. Many lost the game.

Picture credit: bhaskar.com

Duryodhana did not participate as he promised not to take any other wives other than Bhanumati. As everyone believed that Pandava-s were no more, Karna joined the competition. He could do it flawlessly. But Draupadi rejected him by pointing at his birth in low caste.

As all the kings failed, Drupada asked Brahman-s to join the competition. Arjuna came forward, he solved the puzzle with focus. He strung the bow and shoot the eye of the fish correctly. Drupada was happy. People were also happy. But kshatriyas were not. They objected a brahman to overtake them. There was a brief melee between Pandava-s and some of the kings like Karna and Shalya. Finally Krishna need to step-in to solve the conflict.

Arjuna-at-Draupadi-Arjuna at Draupadi’s Swayamvar Folk art Painting Fabric Art Prints. Picture Credit: MPRO-TECH
Arjuna at Draupadi's Swayamvara. Kalamkari Painting on Cotton - Artist - M. Viswanath Reddy (Andhra Pradesh)
Arjuna at Draupadi’s Swayamvara. Kalamkari Painting on Cotton – Artist – M. Viswanath Reddy (Andhra Pradesh)

Who can fight with Radheya Karna in battle except Rama, Drona, Sharadvata Kripa?! Devaki’s son Krishna and Phalguni, the scorcher of enemies? Who can fight against Duryodhana and who can vanquish in battle the powerful Shalya, king of Madra and chief among warriors, except the brave Baladeva and Pandava Vrikodara? Therefore, let us desist from this fight against the Brahmanas. Let us find out who they are and then we will happily fight with them again.” ….. “This lady has been won according to dharma.”

ராதேய கர்ணனுடன் ராமர், துரோணர், சரத்வாத கிருபரைத் தவிர வேறு யாரால் போரிட முடியும்?! … துரியோதனனை எதிர்த்து யார் போரிட முடியும், வலிமைமிக்க பலராமரையும், பாண்டவ விருகோதரனையும் தவிர? மத்ராவின் அரசனும், போர்வீரர்களில் தலைவனுமான சல்யனை யார் போரில் வீழ்த்த முடியும்? எனவே, பிராமணர்களுக்கு எதிரான இந்தப் போராட்டத்தை கைவிடுவோம். அவர்கள் யார் என்று கண்டுபிடித்துவிட்டு மீண்டும் அவர்களுடன் மகிழ்ச்சியாக சண்டையிடுவோம். ….. “இந்தப் பெண் தர்மத்தின்படி வெல்லப்பெற்றாள்.”

Krishna to the assembled kings, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Picture credit: jaypore.com

Arjuna won Draupadi.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Shikhandi, Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna born | Mahabharata paintings

Drona did not forget or forgive Drupada for humiliating him in his court. He asked Drupada’s kingdom as the tuition fee from Kuru princes.

Kuru princes fought with Drupada and captivated him. Drupada lost his kingdom. It was given as a gift to Drona by Kuru princes. Drona kept half of it and made his son Ashwatthama as a king for it. He returned the remaining half to Drupada. Drona asked Drupada if they can be friends as both are equal then. Drupada agreed.

Drona avenged and humiliated Drupada - Picture (c) Quora
Drona avenged and humiliated Drupada – Picture (c) Quora

But Drupada did not digest the humiliation caused by Drona and Kuru princess. He performed great yagna from which a boy, Dhrishtadyumna and a girl, Draupadi were born.

A Mughal painting by Bilal Habsi depicting the birth of Dhrishtadyumna. A folio of Razmnama, the Persian translation of the epic
A Mughal painting by Bilal Habsi depicting the birth of Dhrishtadyumna. A folio of Razmnama, the Persian translation of the epic

‘Then a youth who resembled a god arose from the flames. His complexion was like the fire and his form was terrible. He wore a crown on his head and his body was encased in excellent armour. He had a sword in his hand and a bow and arrows and he let out many loud roars. As soon as he was born, he ascended a supreme chariot and went forth. All the Panchalas were delighted and exclaimed, “Blessed!” From the sky issued the voice of an invisible and great being. “This terrible prince has been born for Drona’s destruction. He will increase the fame of the Panchalas and remove the king’s grief.”

“அப்போது கடவுளைப் போன்ற ஒரு இளைஞன் நெருப்பிலிருந்து எழுந்தான். அவனது நிறம் நெருப்பு போன்றது மற்றும் அவரது வடிவம் அஞ்சத்தக்கது. அவன் தலையில் மணிமுடி அணிந்திருந்தான் மற்றும் அவனது உடல் சிறந்த கவசத்தால் மூடப்பட்டிருந்தது. அவன் கையில் வாளும், வில் அம்பும் ஏந்தியபடி பல உரத்த கர்ஜனைகளை எழுப்பினான். அவர் பிறந்தவுடனேயே உயர்ந்த தேரில் ஏறிச் சென்றான். பாஞ்சாலர்கள் அனைவரும் மகிழ்ச்சியடைந்தனர், “ஆசி அளித்தேன்!” வானத்திலிருந்து கண்ணுக்குத் தெரியாத மற்றும் பேரண்டத்தின் குரல் ஒலித்தது. “துரோணரின் அழிவுக்காக இந்தப் அஞ்சத்தக்க இளவரசன் பிறந்திருக்கிறான். பாஞ்சாலர்களின் புகழைப் பெருக்கி மன்னனின் துக்கத்தை நீக்குவான்.”

-Brahmans describing the birth of Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Draupadi born
Draupadi born

Supreme among women, this beauty of the dark complexion will bring about the destruction of the Kshatriyas. In time, this one will perform the objective of the gods. From her will arise terrible fear among the Kshatriyas.

பெண்களில் உன்னதமான, கருமையான நிறத்தின் இந்த அழகு காலப்போக்கில் க்ஷத்திரியர்களின் அழிவைக் கொண்டுவரும். அவள் தெய்வங்களின் நோக்கத்தை நிறைவேற்றுவாள். அவளைப் பற்றி க்ஷத்திரியர்களிடையே பெரும் அச்சம் எழும்.

-Brahmans describing the birth of Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Draupadi born
Draupadi born

Different tales portrays the connection between Drupada and Shikhandi in different ways. Some says, Shikhandini was Drupada’s first child, who changed her sex into male later. Some says that Shikhandi was born as man who was actually woman. most of the stories accepts that Amba reborn as Shikhandi and he is an a third-gender.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy
  • Prayagai, Jeyamohan

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Varanavata palace | Mahabharata paintings

The feud between Pandava-s and Kaurava-s reached a stage where both will not gel any longer. Duryodhana did his best to justify his right over the throne. Vidura justified the right of Yudhishthira on the same. To stop any further escalation, Dhritarashtra suggested building a dedicated palace for Kunti and her sons.

He discussed this with Vidura. He agreed as well. The palace is built at Varanavata, which is far away from Hastinapur. It was near to forest and river Ganga. But the palace was made of lacquer, which is an inflammable material. Vidura understood the conspiracy behind the kind gestures of Kaurava-s.

O scorcher of enemies! From the smell of fat and ghee mixed with lac, it is clear that this house is made of inflammable materials. The evil Purochana has used trusted and well-skilled artisans to build a house with straw, bark and cane, sprinkled all over with ghee. After winning my confidence, he wishes to burn me to death. O Partha! This is the danger that the immensely intelligent Vidura foresaw and warned me about earlier.

எதிரிகளை எரிப்பவர்களே! கொழுப்பும், நெய்யும் கலந்த அரக்கு வாசனையிலிருந்து, இந்த வீடு தீப்பற்றக்கூடிய பொருட்களால் ஆனது என்பது தெளிவாகிறது. பொல்லாத புரோச்சனன், நம்பகமான மற்றும் திறமையான கைவினைஞர்களைப் பயன்படுத்தி வைக்கோல், பட்டை மற்றும் கரும்பு ஆகியவற்றைக் கொண்டு, நெய்யைத் தெளித்து ஒரு வீட்டைக் கட்டியிருக்கிறான். என் நம்பிக்கையைப் பெற்ற பிறகு, அவன் என்னை எரித்து கொல்ல விரும்புகிறான். ஓ பார்த்தனே! வெகு அறிவாளியான விதுரர் முன்னரே முன்னறிவித்து எச்சரித்த ஆபத்து இது.

Yudhishthira to Bhima, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

Vidura warned Kunti about this. He asked them to escape through a tunnel, which connects the house of Lac to the nearby forest. It was built by Vidura to save Pandava-s. Kunti accepted the gift from Dhritarashtra as planned. As expected, the palace was burst into fire as soon as Kunti moved in with Pandava-s.

Lakshagriha
Lakshagriha

The tunnel – built by Vidura – saved Pandava-s. As per Vidura’s plan, five men and one woman were thrown inside the fire (Does dharma accept it?!).

Lakshagraha
Lakshagraha
Escape of Pandavas from Fire accident
Escape of Pandava-s from Fire accident
(c) The Illustrated Mahabharata – https://blog.abhinavagarwal.net

Hastinapur mourned the death of Kunti and Pandava-s. Kaurava-s relieved from their worries, unaware of the survival of their cousins.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

The serpent’s nectar [short story]

There was a flash of a huge stream of water coming inside a pot hole in the bank of the Ganges. A young Naga, Loban – who was sleeping inside it – awoke in such sudden current of flashing water. ‘Why is the water so fast? Is it the good olden banyan tree with tentacles that fell into the river?’. It had been a few months since Loban was born. He had great pleasure in hunting for tadpoles. Only then did he enter into the worldly life of searching for food and sleeping after food!

He came out of the pool and turned his head to look at both sides. ‘That’s it. This is not wood. Something like a big serpent.’ He bent his body left and right to swim towards it. Not one. Is there a great pair of Naga-s? Not at all. They are human hands. He is human; he may be a monster’.

The monster-like human, who fell into the water, was drowning very fast. Through the opening of his mouth, which was slightly open, air bubbles split his lips and drained his life out bit by bit.

“O Loban! Vrikodara is his name. You don’t have time, my dear little Naga! Inform Aryaka immediately. It is not the right age to take his last breath. He should live.” the Ganges ordered Loban. “At your behest, my holy mother!” Loban bowed his head. He swiftly swam into the darkness of the depths of the Ganges.

***

Vrikodara was lying like a crushed fruit. He slowly opened his eyes. His chest and stomach were burning. Thanks to the poisoned sweets, the taste of the desired dessert was still left in his throat. He started to cough continuously and tried to clear his throat. Finally, he was able to sit upright with tears in his eyes.

“Do not be afraid anymore. You are fine. ” Bhima looked at him. “I am the commander of the Naga-s. My name is Aryaka” he told Bhima. His unblinking and gem like eyes surprised Bhima. It was a vast underworld space filled with the roar of waves. The sand bed sediment of alluvium and clay had accumulated under his feet. “O! the one—with strong hands like a root of the thick wood—you have come to Naga’s kingdom. You have been poisoned. Your hands and feet bound by creepers and vines, you were pushed into the Ganges. Mother Ganga – who graces us – is kind enough to bring you here. ” Aryaka’s voice mixed with the ground water and sounded like a voice from the sky. “Yes.. that’s I.. me.. Mother Ganga told me only..” Loban groaned in a bored and low hissing voice. “Nothing to be concerned about. No poison can transcend us, except for the vengeance that is ingrained in the soul of man! ” Aryaka smiled.

Child bhima fight with Nagas. Image (c) Unknown
Child bhima fight with Naga-s. Image (c) Unknown

“O the naga with the graceful eyes! My life belongs to my brother, Yudhishthira. My life was about to be sacrificed in the fire of jealousy. You guarded me. Please accept my thanks. ” Bhimasena clasped his hands and bowed his head. “The hostile enmity that is accumulated in someone’s mind is powerful. It made my cousin feed me poison without consideration. It made him tie my limbs and push me into the river. O naga!—the one who carries rare medicines—though you are a stranger, you not only saved me but also helped me regain the responsibility of protecting Pandava-s from the fore-coming violation of morality. We, the Pandava-s, will be grateful. “

Kaundeya Bhima! Whom do you call a stranger? ” In an echoing voice, the great serpent – the one with shiny scales on a plump charcoal body, with burning red eyes and sword-like poisonous fangs that gleamed in the light, as well as its brick red tongue dripping out – which flowed into the room to join their conversation.

Bhima poisoned Duryodana. Image (c) Unknown
Bhima poisoned Duryodana. Image (c) Unknown

“Hail the Naga emperor!” Aryaka turned his head and bowed. Aryaka told Bhima, “Vasuki is the king of serpents. You are his guest” . “I – the son of emperor Pandu, the second of the Pandava-s – Bhimasena, I adore and worship the great leader of the Naga-s” Bhima greeted Vasuki. Bhima told the emperor, “I have become forever bound to your mercy, my lord.”

Kaunteya, I knew that you were pushed into the water. I realized who you are. Your mother is a descendant of Emperor Yadu. Yadu’s wife, Thumravarna, is a Nagini from our clan. Oh the one with the hot blood that swells in your veins! your blood contains Naga’s blood too, my dear son. I am your great grandfather. My clan continued to grow and branch so much to yield you. I am happy. My mind is full of love and affection for you. Come and touch my feet. May I have the pleasure of blessing you, my child! ” Bhima respected Vasuki’s kind words. Bhima is the one with an ever loving childish mind, though he is a nightmare for his cousins. “Bless me, my great father. I was glad to see you. ” the child Bhima bowed at Vasuki’s feet. “God bless you. Let victory and fame be with you always. ” Vasuki blessed him by touching his head and stretched his hand to Loban.

Bhima poisoned Duryodana. Image (c) Unknown
Bhima poisoned Duryodana. Image (c) Unknown

Vasuki received a vase from Loban and gave it to Bhima. “Your visit immerses the city of Bogawati in cheer. You need to stay here as our guest for some time as well, my son. The period ahead is not easy. The seed of the catastrophe has sprouted. Dharma should be guaranteed to win. Let your shoulder have the strength to allow the right Dharma to triumph. I am sure that my clan will thrive. I want to offer you a gift. Here is Nagamirtha (nectar) in this vessel. It is a sweet-smelling drink, but bitter in taste. After you consume it, no poison will harm you in your lifetime. You will get the strength of thousands of elephant, in addition. O the one with the wide chest! This is essential for the path you are going to take. “, said Vasuki.

Bhima is the one who was bitten away by the serpents; he is the one who was fed poisoned sweets. Who else can better realize the importance of nectar than him? Without thinking of anything, Bhima bought it and drank it in one gulp. The Nagamirtha, which went into his food pipe like a stinging liquid, turned violent and made his blood inside his veins turbulent. The chest and stomach burning, caused by the poisoned food, disappeared.

“Thank you for the grace of my forefather, who rescued me from the pain of poison. Your role will be in my success forever. My mother and my brothers will regret not seeing me. I need your permission and blessing to return. ” Bhima requested Vasuki.

Vasuki thought for a moment. After meditating for a while, he said, “All watery elements are different forms of mother Ganga. Vrikodara! She can take the form of milk, aushadhi (tincture), or poison. If it feeds, it is milk. When it saves, it is an aushadhi. When it destroys, however, it is poison. Oh, son of a broad minded mother! May you always be the milk that protects virtue and dharma. Good bye ” He touched Bhima’s head once again and blessed him. Loban stared at Bhima with his unblinking eyes

I was angry with my friend;
I told my wrath, my wrath did end.
I was angry with my foe: 
I told it not, my wrath did grow. 

-A Poison Tree, William Blake

This is an inspiration from epic Mahabharata. This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

Kuru princes at Drona’s school | Mahabharata Paintings

Kaurava-s and Pandava-s were grown up in Hastinapur. They attained the age to start proper education and martial arts to increase their endurance.

Kripacharya

Kripa was grown up in Hastinapur. He was found by Shantanu from forest along with her sister Kripi. He became the first teacher for kuru princes.

Dronacharya, tutor with a revenge

Drona was the son of sage Bharatvaja. Drupada – the king of Panchala – was his classmate in gurukul erstwhile. Drona married Kripi. Both had a lovable son named Ashwatthama. They were in stark poverty. He could not even buy cow’s milk for his son. He met King Drupada to ask for a cow. He used his gurukul friendship as a valid justification for his obligation. But Drupada handled him as a King. He refused to give it in the name of friendship. He asked Drona to beg for donation. Humiliated Drona was full of wrath. He vowed to become as popular as Drupada.

Drona at Drupada's court, Amar Chitra Katha
Drona at Drupada’s court, Amar Chitra Katha

O Brahmana! Your wisdom is lacking and inferior, if you suddenly begin to address me as your friend. O one with a dull mind! No great king can ever be a friend with men like you. You have no prosperity, nor do you have riches. Time decays everything, including friendship.

பிராமணனே! திடீரென்று என்னை உன் நண்பன் என்று சொல்லும் அளவிற்கு உனது அறிவு குறைவாகவும் தாழ்வாகவும் போய்விட்டது. மந்தமான மனம் கொண்டவனே! உன்னைப் போன்ற மனிதர்களுடன் எந்தப் பெரிய அரசனும் நண்பனாக இருக்க முடியாது. உனக்கு செழிப்பு இல்லை, செல்வமும் இல்லை. நட்பு உட்பட அனைத்தையும் காலம் காலாவதி ஆக்குகிறது.

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

He left the Panchala palace. He mastered archery from Parashurama at the condition of not helping kshatriya-s using his skillset. After leaving Parashurama-s gurukul, he forget about the promise. He entered into Hastinapur, the abode of Kshatriya-s.

The entry of Drona into Hastinapur is an heroic scene. The kuru princess were playing near a well. Their ball fell down into the well. Drona used reed grass as arrow. He throw the first piece of arrow, which hit the ball. The second one punched the tail part of previous arrow. Thus he made a string of grass, using which he took the ball out of the well. The boys were excited. They told Bhishma about Drona’s skillset.

Drona helps to take the ball out of well
Drona helps to take the ball out of well

Bhishma and Kripa made Drona as the royal tutor. Drona accepted with one condition. The kuru princes should capture Panchala King Drupada alive. Lending hands come. An aid comes with a condition in Hastinapur’s history. Hastinapur signed in that contract also! Grudges and revenges were not new to this empire. Drona became the tutor!

Arjuna, the obedient

All Kuru princes were trained by Drona and Kripa. But Arjuna excelled in archery. One day he rescued Drona from a crocodile. Drona swore to mold him a great archer who would be extolled by Bharata land.

Indian system expects unquestionable obedience to mata (mother), pita (father), guru (teacher) and deivam (God). Arjuna became the primary disciple of Drona. The acharya thought he deserved an unquestionable crown for him in archery because of his focus and hard work.

Test of Dronacharya
Test of Dronacharya

O descendant of the Bharata lineage! Drona heard the twang of his bowstring and came to him and embraced him. He said, “I promise you that I will do my utmost to ensure that you are the best archer in this world and there is no one equal to you.”

பரத பரம்பரையில் வந்தவனே! துரோணர் அவனது வில்லின் சத்தத்தைக் கேட்டு அவனருகே வந்து அவனைத் தழுவினார். அவர் கூறினார், “நீ இந்த உலகில் சிறந்த வில்லாளியாக இருக்க என்னால் முடிந்த அனைத்தையும் செய்வேன் என்று நான் உறுதியளிக்கிறேன். உனக்கு நிகராக யாரும் இல்லை.”

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

Ekalavya, the devoted

Ekalavya’s story was another stain in the tale of Acharya Drona. He was from Nishada tribe. Drona’s fame reached the forests of Nishada. Ekalavya commuted such a long distance and approached Drona to learn archery. Drona – as perceived by Jeyamohan’s Venmurasu, the Tamil version of Mahabharata – felt he would be be against Hastinapur’s wishes one day. He neglected him. He mentioned Ekalavya that if he has faith in Drona, he can teach himself.

Poor Ekalavya took it seriously and learnt Drona’s techniques from distance. Purana-s say, he learnt it with a telepathy kind of technique by keeping avahanam (likeness) of Drona . But I took it practical sense. He might have stalked him.

Ekalavya practice before the likeness of Drona, Wikipedia
Ekalavya practice before the likeness of Drona, Wikipedia

They asked him, “Who are you and whose son are you?” Ekalavya replied, “Know me to be the son of Hiranyadhanu, the king of the nishadas. I am Drona’s student and I am trying to become skilled in Dhanur Veda.”

அவர்கள் அவனிடம், “நீ யார், யாருடைய மகன்?” என்று கேட்டார்கள். அதற்கு ஏகலவ்யன், “என்னை நிஷாத மன்னன் ஹிரண்யதனுசின் மகன் என்று அறிந்து கொள். நான் துரோணரின் மாணவன், தனுர் வேதத்தில் தேர்ச்சி பெற முயற்சிக்கிறேன்.” என்று பதிலளித்தான்.

Vaisampayana to Janamejaya, The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes

One fine day Drona learned about the skill of Ekalavya. Arjuna jealously appealed to him for making Ekalavya as a great Archer, which was against his promise.

Drona met Ekalavya and asked about his teacher. Ekalavya pointed at Drona himself and explained the way he learnt. Drona does not want a competition of his loveable shishya, Arjuna. He asked for guru-dakshina (payment). It is a custom in Indian gurukul (schooling). Ekalavya agreed to give him whatever he asked. Drona asked for his thumb finger of his right hand. Undoubtedly Drona conspired here. Ekalavya did not utter a word. He cut his finger immediately and paid his guru-dakshina,

Ekalavya's Guru dakshina, Wikipedia
Ekalavya’s Guru dakshina, Wikipedia

Drona’s decision was not only political but also caste-based. He strongly felt that nishada-s tribal is not well qualified to learn archery. But the punishment given by Drona made Arjuna to feel relaxed at the same time it was too brutal for him.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy
  • Vannakadal (colourful sea), Jeyamohan

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

The birth of Dhritarashtra’s sons | Mahabharata Paintings

Kunti became a mother first. As a sister-in-law, Gandhari felt insecured about the throne now. The agony and trauma experienced by Pandu earlier, apprehended Gandhari’s mind now. The thoughts about the chief chair of Hastinapur bloated everyone’s mind.

Gandhari conceived well before Kunti. But she did not give birth. Hapless Gandhari did not find a way. She had been pregnant for 2 years already. With conscious volition, she decided to give birth forcefully. She ordered her maids to strike her belly with an iron bar. No one had the temerity to question her. Though the hesitated, they tended to hit her. There comes the fate.

Vyasa and Gandhari
Vyasa and Gandhari

She did not give birth to a boy or a girl. It was a sphere of flesh with pulse for life. As per Sage Vyasa’s suggestion, the piece was broken into 100 pieces and stored inside different pots with Ghee inside. Poor Gandhari wanted a girl baby as well. So it was broken into 101 pieces and incubated.

When I heard that Kunti had given birth to her first son, as radiant as the sun, I struck my belly in grief. Earlier, you granted me the boon that I would have a hundred sons. But instead of those 100 sons, this mass of flesh has been born to me.

சூரியனைப் போல பிரகாசமான தன் முதல் மகனை குந்தி பெற்றெடுத்தாள் என்று நான் கேள்விப்பட்டபோது ​​துக்கத்தில் என் வயிற்றில் அடித்தேன். இதற்கு முன், எனக்கு நூறு மகன்கள் பிறக்கும் வரம் தந்தீர்கள். ஆனால் அந்த 100 மகன்களுக்குப் பதிலாக இந்த சதை நிறை எனக்கு பிறந்துள்ளது.

Gandhari to Vyasa, Adi Parva, , The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Gandhari
Gandhari

Sage Vyasa assured her the flesh pieces would be changed to children in an year. After an year, first pot was broken. There comes a boy. Gandhari named him as Duryodhana. Over the period rest of the incubators are broken too. The story is like eggs and chicken, isn’t it? Finally there is a girl baby. She named her as Dusshala.

O Subala’s daughter! It will be as I have said and not otherwise. I have never uttered a falsehood in jest. Why should I do it when I am in earnest? Quickly bring a hundred pots and fill them up with ghee. Let cool water be sprinkled on this mass of flesh.

ஓ சுபலரின் மகளே! நான் சொன்னபடியே இருக்கும், மற்றபடி இருக்காது. நான் ஒருபோதும் (பிறரின்) மகிழ்ச்சிக்காகப் பொய் சொன்னதில்லை. நான் ஆர்வமாக இருக்கும்போது அதை ஏன் செய்ய வேண்டும்? சீக்கிரம் நூறு பானைகளைக் கொண்டு வந்து நெய் நிரப்பு. இந்த சதையின் மீது குளிர்ந்த நீர் தெளிக்கப்படட்டும்.

Vyasa to Gandhari, Adi Parva, , The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes
Gandhari, the great mother
Gandhari, the great mother

In addition, Dhritarashtra had a son – Yuyutsu – with a Vaishya maid Sughada. He was grown along with Gandhari’s children as well.

Here is the birth of Kaurava-s.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

This blog post is a part of Blogchatter’s WRITE A PAGE A DAY campaign.

The Birth of Pandu’s Children | Mahabharata Paintings

Pandu in exile

Once Sage Kindama and his wife wanted to get intimate in open. They turned themselves into an antelope and doe. Pandu crossed that place in the forest when he went for hunt. He hit them wit his arrow. Kindama was attacked. He cursed Pandu that Pandu will never touch a women. If he touch them, he will die on the spot.

Sage Kindama and Pandu, wikipedia
Sage Kindama and Pandu, wikipedia

You follow dharma and you know the pleasure that comes from satisfaction of desire. But you have killed me before my desire was satiated. Therefore, you will also be united with the five elements! in a similar state, before your desire is satiated.
நீ தர்மத்தைப் பின்பற்றுகிறாய், ஆசையின் திருப்தியால் வரும் இன்பத்தை நீ அறிவாய். ஆனால் என் ஆசை தீரும் முன்பே என்னை கொன்று விட்டாய். ஆதலால் நீயும் இதே நிலையில், உன் ஆசை நிறைவேறும் முன், ஐம்பூதங்களுடன் ஐக்கியமாகி விடுவாய்!

Sage Kindama to Pandu

Whether it is right for Kindama to curse like this itself a debate. But we assumed the curse had an effect.

Pandu was unable to give birth to any child with both Kunti and Madri. This frustrated him too much. To overcome this, he spent his time on hunting. To end a progeny is a pain for anyone. It is their progeny that would help him to find his way to heaven and the route for his next birth. So Pandu was worried if he would die without children. Finally he left Hastinapur in his brother Dhritarashtra’s care and left to forest. Kunti and Madri followed him.

Kindama's curse
Kindama’s curse. Picture credit: wikipedia

Kunti’s children

Meanwhile, Pandu came to know that Gandhari was pregnant. Hapless Pandu realized that he was losing his control on Hastinapur as the ender descendant decides who will rule the country from there on.

The exile life
The exile life. Picture credit: wikipedia

This is the result of my own folly. But I have heard that in the hereafter there are no worlds for those who are childless.

Tamil Translation:
இது என் சொந்த முட்டாள்தனத்தின் விளைவு. ஆனால் குழந்தை இல்லாதவர்களுக்கு மறுமையில் உலகங்கள் இல்லை என்று கேள்விப்பட்டிருக்கிறேன்.

Pandu to Kunti

Kunti understood Pandu’s grief. She revealed about Sage Durvasa’s boon to her that can help her to summon any God and give birth to its child. Prior to that Kunti explained him the ways of getting children if her husband is unable to procreate in monogamy.

Pandu - Kunti's dialog
Pandu – Kunti’s dialog. Picture credit: wikipedia

Pandu was pleased by this. He requested Kunti to call Yama, the god of dharma. As he wished, Kunti gave birth to Yudhishthira. Then Pandu preferred Vayu, the god of Air. The powerful Bhima was born. The last child of Kunti, Arjuna, was born to Indra.

Kunti invokes Indra
Kunti invokes Indra: Picture credit: wikipedia

Till today, I think about the real persons behind the names Yama, Vayu and Indra.

Madri’s Twins

Pandu wanted Kunti to give more children. Kunti refused because of the dharma, that says a woman can not sleep with more than four men.

Pandu and Madri in exile
Pandu and Madri in exile. Picture credit: Pinterest

Your co-wife does not have children either. Let the right offspring also be fathered on her.

Tamil Translation:
உன் துணை-மனைவிக்கும் குழந்தைகள் இல்லை. அவளுடைய சரியான சந்ததிக்கும் நான் தந்தையாகிறேன்.

Pandu to Kunti

Pandu asked Kunti to help Madri to give birth to sons as well, so that he can get more more children. Kunti and Madri agreed. Madri preferred to call Ashwini deva-s, the gods of morning and evening stars.

The deva-s came and helped Madri to get Nakula and Sahadeva.

Pandu still asked Kunti to get more kids by Madri. She refused to oblige.

The Pandava-s

Yudhishthira, who followed dharma, being impartial, educated as the chief, Bhima, a strongest to save his elder brother, Arjuna, a brave warrior to get victories after victories, Nakula-Sahadeva with skills in arts, science, finance, administration etc. – these descendants of Pandu are called the Pandava-s.

The Descent of Pandu

Pandu lived happily with his kids in the forest. There comes an end!

One day in his exile life, Pandu saw Madri beautifully dressed in her ornaments and his desire was stirred. Pandu can not and Madri did not resist. But he died as soon as he touched her. Sage Kindama might be out of his grudge then.

Pandu - Madri. Picture credits: Unknown
Pandu – Madri. Picture credits: Unknown

Kunti and Pandava-s arranged for his funeral in the forest itself. Then Madri ascended the funeral pyre with him. Before that she requested Kunti to affectionately rear the twins. Madri might have envied her for her first wife status. Still she might have realized the kind hearted nature of Kunti. She chose to leave her twins under her care while she followed Pandu to eternity.

End of Pandu and Madri
End of Pandu and Madri

Kunti took good care of them.

The Pandavas, https://www.deviantart.com/molee/art/Kunti-and-Pandavas-412944958
The Pandavas, https://www.deviantart.com/molee/art/Kunti-and-Pandavas-412944958

Thus Pandu’s life ended without going back to Hastinapur. After Pandu left this world, rishi-s took Kunti and Pandava princes back to Hastinapur.

References / Gratitude:

  • The illustrated Mahabharata, Dorling Kindersley India, Penguin Random House, 1st Ed. 2017
  • The Mahabharata Set Of 10 Volumes, Bibek Debroy

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